There are many types of activities available in Moodle: several types of assignments, activities for communication and collaboration between you and your students, quizzes, polls and surveys, tools to aid in managing students, and formats for delivering interactive content.
Moodle provides several ways to track and collect work from students. You can have them submit files or enter content into a text box. You can also assign "offline" work not submitted through Moodle (but that can be graded in Moodle). You can configure how many files a student may submit, the maximum file size allowed, and set deadlines and cut-off dates. You can exchange comments with individual students about their submissions, grade (with the option to use a Rubric, Grading guide or Simple direct grading), and leave written feedback.
Turnitin helps instructors evaluate the originality of student work by comparing submitted files to online sources and the Turnitin database. The software returns an Originality report which rates submitted assignments and highlights text that appears elsewhere. Turnitin also provides a suite of feedback tools, including the ability to grade using a Rubric, and add notes or comment clips directly to student submissions. Grades awarded in Turnitin are automatically transferred to the Moodle gradebook.
External tool(s) allow students to interact with certain learning resources and activities on other web sites. For example, you can link to OWL or to learning materials from a publisher. To setup an external tool instance, a tool provider which supports LTI (Learning Tools Interoperability) is required. The tool provider should be able to provide instructions on how to configure the external tool for their site.
Chat allows course members to hold real-time, text-based conversations with other course members. Multiple chat rooms can be set up for the same course.
Database activity allows the teacher and/or students to build, display and search a bank of records. The instructor designs the format and structure of these entries which can include images, files, URLs, numbers, text, etc.
Instructors and students can communicate and collaborate using Forums, sometimes called "discussions." Instructors can create topics or, depending on the Forum type, allow students to originate topics, to which course members can "post" a reply.
The Glossary activity allows users to create a list of definitions, like a dictionary, that course participants can search or browse. Teachers can restrict access to a glossary so that only they can create entries, or they can allow students to add new entries as well.
Wiki is a web page (or set of web pages) that class members can create together, working directly in the browser without needing to know HTML. A Moodle Wiki starts with one front page. Any contributor can add additional pages.